Highlights On The Ethical Dilemmas Of Standard Chartered Bank Business Essay

Highlights On The Ethical Dilemmas Of specimen rent entrust argumentation EssayStandard Chartered plc operates as the track emerging markets camber in the world. The wedgeing group, known by many in the lodgeing industry as Stanchart, operates over 500 offices in 50 countries throughout the Asia Pacific region, South Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the get together Kingdom, and North and South America. Its Consumer banking divisionresponsible for 58 percent of operating profit in 2000provides customers with credit lineups, personal loans, mortgages, and investment services. Its sweeping banking unit caters to corporate clients in the business finance, cash management, custody, lending, foreign exchange, interest rate management, and debt capital markets. In 2000, the majority of SCBs revenue stemmed from its Hong Kong and Asia Pacific region operations, while the Middle East accounted for 18 percent, North and South America and the United Kingdom secured 14 percent, and Afr ica claimed 9 percent of revenues. The bank derives more than 90% of its operating income and profits from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, generated from its Wholesale and Consumer Banking Businesses. The group has approximately 1750 branches and outlets located in more than 70 countries.The London-headquartered Group has operated for more than 150 years in some of the worlds most dynamic markets, leading the carriage in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Its income and profits harbour more than doubled over the last five years, primarily as a result of thorough growth, supplemented by acquisitions. The group employs 75,000 people, nearly half of whom are women. Its employees are of 115 nationalities, with 60 of these represented among senior management.Highlights on the ethical dilemmas of Standard Chartered BankAlthough Standard Chartered Bank is an international bank and countries tend to trust it for its international standards, but being such a widespread company they hav e had their ethical criticisms. Some of the unethical dilemmas that the company has faced over the years are-Credit card complaints- Recently SCB has been facing extensive disputes in Asia grumpyly in India and Pakistan regarding the marketing of their credit cards.Figure 11- Reduction of the use of credit cards The governments trade watchdog, the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Pr titleices Commission, has started an investigation of card-selling practices of certain banks including Standard Chartered Bank, HSBC and the local banks ICICI and HDFC. The commission has the power to fine companies and limit their business dealings. All the banks involved say they have followed all appropriate trade practices and are cooperating with the requests for information. On May 7, the hold back Bank sent a letter to all commercial banks warning about usurious interest rates, asking them to make sure as shooting costs to the borrowers were justifiable. The ombudsmans office at the bank said it received 3,700 consumer complaints about credit card lenders within just the first 5 months of 2006. Newspapers regularly carry out articles telling consumers how to posteriorcel their cards, and some frustrated credit card users simply stop paying their bills. (http//www.consumercourt.in/credit-card/2638-standard-chartered-bank-complaint.html)Stock market scandal (International Agenda)- A report on Indias biggest fiscal scandal during 1991 1992 charges foreign banks of transacting dummy deals to cover up losses or camouflage minutes by favored Indian brokers. The report from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) exposes what it calls the nexus between Indian brokers and two foreign banks, Standard Chartered and Australia and New Zealand Banking Groups ANZ Grindlays Bank. The report accuses Standard Chartered of entering into fictitious transactions to cover up an ever-increasing number of unaccounted deals on its investment portfolio. The central bank of India has issued fines of roughly $42 million to 10 foreign banks, including Citibank, Bank of America, American sway Bank Ltd. and Standard Chartered Bank, accusing them of involvement in Indias worst securities scandal. SCB violated its guidelines by financing certain stock market operations, as healthy as helping out a fathered broker, Harshad Mehta, by putting through a number of dummy transactions. (Sanjoy Zakaria, 1994, New York Times)Acquisitions and outsourcing threat- In Malaysia, Bank Negara Malaysia in the financial master plan encouraged outsourcing of non-core functions by Financial Institutions. Ever since, banks have been exploring outsourcing as a way to rationalize and streamline operation. While outsourcing is a way forward to reduce cost, manage manpower dependencies and to allow financial institutions to focus on its core business of providing services and financial products, such outsourcing is done without previous consultation with workers representative namely SBEU. Reduction of m odules not only occurs to those directly affected by the outsourcing of the job functions, but also other(a) complementary staff areas. Example, outsourcing of Sales and Marketing job in Standard Chartered Bank has transferred jobs originally done by Special Grade Clerical. Indirectly, this will reduce biography promotion prospect. The bank has also use rationalization (due to outsourcing) as an excuse to close branches and scale down others. In the case of Standard Chartered Bank, the bank has gone on closing 15 branches nationwide with two in Sarawak harmonise to Law Kiat Min, General Secretary of Sarawak Bank Employees Union.Evaluation of the Ethical Dilemmas face by Standard Chartered BankCredit card complaints- The consumer court in India has been tackling problems regarding unfair credit card charges and improper means to withdraw the fraud due amount, Credit Card Terms Prompt Indignation Arigit Sengupta, a hotel manager in Bangalore, swears he is never using a credit car d again. Skip to next paragraphAfter charging about 30,000 rupees ($743) to his card and paying his minimum balance on time, he said he wound up owing his bank more than three times that amount. The kind of interest they charge, not even a chartered accountant could infrastand, he said. Local and foreign banks are precipitously peddling credit card accounts in India, where a fast-growing middle class with disposable income has stoold the ideal card customer base. (Refer to Appendix-2) regular though the debauched is maintaining the contractual system with a customer during selling these credit cards, which represents that firms have a responsibility to comply with the terms of the sale, inform the customers about the nature of the product, obviate misrepresentation of any kind, and not coerce the customer in any way. But on the other hand SCB is overlooking the due care theory which focuses on the relative vulnerability of the customer, who has less information and expertise than the firm, and the ethical responsibility that places on the firm. Customers must depend on the firm providing the product or service to live up to the claims about it and to exercise due care to avoid customer injury.The result is vocal and heated criticism from card holders, consumer advocates and the government. They accuse the banks of levying unfair fees and nuisance charges and of providing miserable customer service. These banks are cheating the public, said C. V. Giddappa, general secretary of the Credit Card Holders Association of India, a nationwide consumer group. Mr. Giddappas administration estimates that Indian consumers are paying 16.4 million rupees a day (more than $406,000) in unfair charges, and is agitating for a debt-free India by 2020.Stock market scandal (International Agenda) Regarding the particular scandal in 1991 1992 in India a spokesman for Standard Chartered said some of the report was misleading, particularly the conclusion that senior managers were aware of the fraud. Barry Northrop, who heads a Standard Chartered team trying to recover the banks losses in the scandal, said the fictitious deals were created without the knowledge of senior management and in defiance of both internecine and RBI guidelines. Individuals involved had been dismissed and procedures tightened. In terms of theories SCB has complied according to Milton Friedmans theory (1970) regarding corporate social responsibility, which interprets that the only legitimate purpose of a company is to create wealth and pursuing their business effectively for the benefit of their customers, whilst providing a profitable reward to their investors. Being a foreign bank SCB acted upon their best interest financially, according to Friedman its the role of the state to provide the legal framework that regulated companies behaviour in relation to the rest of the residential district, the government or any appointed monitor entity should have foreseen such a scandal and prevented it from occurring. But in the context of Kants theory, deontology or duty-based ethics that judges morality by examining the nature of actions and the will of agents kind of than goals achieved or simply a deontological theory looks at inputs rather than outgrowths. Therefore since this move of SCB was clearly unfavourable for the economy of India, it worked as a bad personality for the bank as well as other foreign banks. (Refer to Appendix-3)Acquisitions and outsourcing threat- The practice of outsourcing is considered as a good option, since it provides guaranteed professional assistance for businesses without the expenses of maintaining fulltime employees, but it also poses as a threat for the domestic countries work force. Outsourcing for talent leads to lack of job security for the local employees. Standard Chartered bank and a few other international banks in Malaysia has been outsourcing extensively which has lead to an inconvenience for the employees of the na tion. The provision in the Collective Agreement only requires the Bank to consult the Union prior(prenominal) to outsourcing. Outsourcing has unavoidably reduced headcount of staff of financial institutions. Attempts by unions to negotiate with the bank to ensure that when staff moved over to the new entity (outsourcing company), and retain their seniority, pay and benefits has not been successful. While it is not come-at-able to extent exact figure of employees who lost their job due to outsourcing, it is estimated that about 30% of employees are directly affected enumeration about 1,000 staffs. This figure is expected to increase due to continued rationalization and system engineering. Outsourcing takes two forms, namely, transfer of job function to head office prior to outsourcing in the case of Bumiputra Commerce Bank ordirect outsourcing which happened in Standard Chartered Bank. Based on such outcomes and considering SCBs current status as one of the best multinational fin ancial institutions, Carrolls (1979) four step model on CSR can be used to stress the depth of the duty an musical arrangement needs to comply. The first two steps of the model remain evident, but the last two steps addresses particularly to the dilemma SCB is facing. Since Carroll believes that because a company can affect the interests and even lives of people, it should be accountable/responsible, to societal interests over those of the owners and beyond the specific limits of the law.Best Ethical Values and Practices of Standard Chartered BankEven though Standard Chartered Bank has had a reputation of using unethical means to reach a much beneficial end in terms of the companys market expansion. Although the British Empire isnt as orbiculate as it used to be, that hasnt stopped Standard Chartered.Sustainability is integral to Standard Chartered. Worldwide and in Malaysia, the bank champions dedicated causes, one of them being milieu. The organization believes that each person can make a difference, and through small steps, the collection action contributes to the overall uphold as the community unites to preserve the environment for future generations. The organization is cognizant of getting it right in the home, before moving out to the neighborhood. The strategy of embedding the environment consciousness among the staff was a key focus for SCB in growing green advocates. As such, their green agenda is woven into every level of the banks operations.environmental and Social Awareness- oer the last two years, Standard Chartered has run multiple activities and programs focusing on self- sense, reducing wastage and lowering carbon footprint under its umbrella theme, Go Green, Lets Make a Difference. From cutting back on air travel to implementing shared-printer facility between departments, the results have been very heartening. The bank has seen as much as 50% reduction in air travel, 20% in paper consumption, 50% reduction in air travel and 10% in elec tricity usage, and the introduction of e-statements with customers.Higher targets are set for 2011. The bank is already using recycled paper for their business cards, and sourcing to adopt recyclable paper in all their operationsTheir other programs, Seeing is Believing (preventing curable blindness), Living with HIV/AIDS, Financial Literacy Programme, are being tackled on ground with face-to-face interaction given theres a higher level of social sensitivity surrounding these causes. All the following mentioned above directs to the theory of Consequentialism consequentialist ethics bases decision-making on the best outcome for the largest group that also results in the least harm. It is a form of utilitarian ethics, which focuses on results rather than ingrained moral imperatives. The utility principle requires the decision-maker to weigh the possible consequences of his or her actions to select options that offer the best results for society. This has lead SCB in attaining the tit le of one of the worlds most ethical companies in four consecutive years process 2010 all in recognition of its on liberation commitment to build a sustainable business for the benefit of customers, clients and the wider communities in which it operates. (Refer to Appendix-4)Workforce Diversity- With more and more organizations going global, diversity at work is increasingly becoming an integral part of every organization. Diversity refers to any perceived difference among people like age, race, religion, profession, sexual orientation, geographic origin and lifestyle. SCB has started their journey of diversity and inclusion in India from 2006 with formation of the DI Council. SCB initially started by concentrating on three aspects of diversity, gender, disability and nationality. Some of the key concerns were the theme of the working women, work-life balance, and barriers to growth. A series of focused group discussions were conducted to understand and address these concerns to help position Standard Chartered as the employer of womens choice, states Rajashree Nambiar, GM distribution and state of matter champion, diversity and inclusion, Standard Chartered Bank. From an ethical perspective the bank has been exercising virtue ethics which focuses on the individuals moral stature rather than the morality of the act itself. A moral actor will base his or her decisions on ingrained values rather than consequences or duty. However, the individual is part of a community so the virtues valued by the community affect the individual decision-makers thought processes. A cultures values are incorporated into the individuals ethical framework. As a global bank, the variety of markets they do business in makes them diverse inherently.In terms of gender diversity women make up to 46per cent of their total workforce and the number of women in senior management roles has also increased. To increase female representation amongst senior management they focused on creati ng a pipeline of high-power female employees at middle management. In 2008, they developed a mentoring programme for their middle management talent, with a specific focus on women. The Bank actively livelihoods International Womens Day. Across their markets, and organize a variety of activities to recognize the achievements of women and highlight role models.In 2008, SCB renewed focus on attracting and supporting potential employees with disabilities. Over the last 12 months, the Group trained and hired a number of blind employees in Pakistan, employed their first visually challenged employee in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. SCB also launched initiatives to support employees with family responsibilities, and new maternity and paternity leave policies were rolled out in Bangladesh, Lebanon, US and Australia in 2008.RecommendationAccording to the reasonings mentioned above it is clear that SCB initially make a lot of wrong moves which was mostly in their own interest, but gradually when they started being internationally recognized they have tried substantially to change their ethical ways as a corporation. They not only provided international job opportunities in the economies they settled in, they also came up with various social awareness activities e.g. fund-raising, and city beautification programs in the countries they are operating. Since they are a service based organization their only way of communicating to their customers should be through goodwill build and transparent publication of their intentions and actions. On the other hand the governments of the countries where MNCs like SCB operate should assign more efficient and reliable monitoring bodies for convenience.ReferencesText Books/Articles-Fisher, C Lovell, A, Business Ethics and Values Individual, Corporate and International Perspectives, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2009Crane, A Matten, D, Managing Corporate Citizenship and Sustainability in the Age of Globalization, 2nd Edition Oxford Uni versity Press, 2007Laurie J. Mullins, Management and Organisation behavior, 8th Edition, FT Prentice Hall, 2007Jacques P. Thiroux, Keith W. Krasemann, Ethics Theory and Practice, 10th Edition, Pearson Education 2009De Geaorge, Richard T., Business Ethics, 7th Edition, Pearson Education 2010Lawrence, P.R. and Lorsch, J.W., Organisation and Environment, Irwin, 1969Press statement April 2002 to Standard Chartered Bank on Closure and downsizing of branches -pages 7-9Websites-www.consumercourt.in/credit-card/2638-standard-chartered-bank-complaint.htmlwww.gbcimpact.org/itcs_node/0/0/member_profiles/434www.csrdigest.com/2010/08/going-green-using-social-media/www.newyorktimes.comwww.thetimesofindia.comwww.timesnewspaper.comwww.standardchartered.com

Interactive Whiteboard: Benefits in the Classroom

Interactive Whiteboard Benefits in the Class roomIntroductionThe swerves surrounding the wasting disease of interactive whiteboards (IWB) and creativity forms the focus of this search. This state everyow fors an opportunity to look at the interaction between new technologies and folkroom reality in the Primary school setting, both in theory and practice. The essay starts with a brief overview of interactive whiteboards within the classroom setting before looking more closely at encouraging creativity both in teaching and learning.Teachernet (online) credits interactive whiteboards with the benefits ofImproving understanding of new conceptsIncreasing pupil motivation and involvementImproving planning, pace and flow of lessonsTeachernet online, Interactive WhiteboardsAs Cogill (2003, p. 52) evinces out in her research hatch for Bects/DfES on IWBs in uncreated quill schools, the uniqueness of IWBs lies in its design to be commit by teachers for teaching at whole class level . Yet in order to achieve the goals quoted above it is clear that certain other systems demand to be put in place, curiously paid development and teacher training. For recitation, as Barber et al. (2007) point out, it is vit altogethery important for teachers to be confident and familiar with IWBs in order to use them to trump out effect. They also need to leave a solid understanding of how to work with, and inspire, creativity and why (e.g. see Loveless 2002). To this end, and in agreement with official policy, thither has been an upsurge in texts designed to help teachers work with IWBs. For example, barrel maker et al. (2006) give a pragmatic description of how one back end use IWBs within all teaching areas, from Maths to Reading. Craft (2000) also argues for the potential to use new technology with creativity rather than following the view expressed by any(prenominal) teachers that computers, far from stimulating or fostering creativity, both represent and do the exact opposite of this (Craft 200, p. 88). In creating space to use technology originatively it would attend that the first stage is to support their classroom use through with(predicate) training teachers both at pre-service level and through ongoing professional development.However, there is room for debate as to the depth of learning some of these formats inspire, seeming as occasionally do to seek to add entertainment rather than enrichment to learning. Whilst the funding make operable through official initiatives, such as the National Grid for breeding (DfES 2003 DfES 2001) has encouraged schools to invest in new technologies, there is a need for systemic support to get the best out of it. For example Machin et al. found correlations between schools success with ICT and a fertile background for making use of it (2006 p. 12). to a greater extent pragmatically, Yelland (2007, p. 163) is one who warns that not all software is positive for learning outcomes but then goes on to argue , in common with Machin et al. that it is the pedagogies generated by these new technologies that can score issues. Likewise Sutherland et al. (2004) warn that embedded use of ICT in the classroom can affect how knowledge is constructed. It is bearing this in mind that the following essay seeks to enjoin between, and concentrate on, creativity and not on the range of pedagogies that fall between poor practice and what has been referred to as edutainment.It seems clear that IWBs can raise a savage support, especially for visual learners, and posses the potential to be used to support and encourage highly creative interactive and educational learning environments through a entire range of curriculum areas. The ability for both students and teachers to manipulate visual materials (e.g. numbers, words, pitures etc) via the IWB and interact with the information displayed has been credited withincreased pupil engagement, motivation and enjoyment, all potentially stellar(a) to improv ements in pupil attainmentsJones Vincent 2006, p. 2However, research shows there is still considerable unfulfilled potential with the creative use of IWBs (Jones Vincent 2006 Smith et al. 2005). Creativity in itself has been viewed as essential for the progress of society (Cropley 2001, p. 133) and the next section of this essay looks more closely at how IWBs can be used in a sorting of creative contexts starting theory and exemplifying with practice.Learning, or cognitive, styles are traditionally divided into visual, aural and kinesthetic and, in common with Gardners (1983) Theory of threefold Intelligences, recognize what Craft (2000, p. 10) called a pluralist approach. This means catering for the various ways in which individuals best absorb information and make signification of it which in turn affects levels of student motivation. From the teaching perspective, creative planning is a means of overcoming individual barriers to learning and requires presenting information i n a number of antithetic ways. Cropley (2000, p. 148) saw this application of variety as encouraging creativity in students. IWBs ability to operate as a computer means that audio and characterization tracks, live websites and multimedia applications can be used to appeal to a range of students learning styles. Ideally, this engages their attention, thereby impacting on their motivation and encouraging creative thinking.IWBs provide an opportunity to link or encourage student interests in a very visual and interactive way. The following takes an aspect of geography as an example of the ways that IWBs can enhance and allow creativity of teaching methods. When teaching the water cycle, the IWB can be linked to any number of live last cams and channels both in the locality and internationally and show real time weather. Diagrammatic re demos of the water cycle can involve the students moving the pictures or labels into the right order using the IWBs touch sensitive capability. Graph ic representations of rainfall data or what if questions connected with changes in rainfall can all be presented on the IWB. The IWB allows questions to be investigated and extra dimensions to be added, such as a 3 dimensional view of a rain drop or the reception to a question regarding the different forms of water solid (e.g. show ice cubes to glaciers), gas (e.g. show animated kettle boiling or a travel train running) or liquid (show rivers, seas etc). Notes can be added as the subject is discussed and saved for review the next time.It has been commented that, even as early as winder Stage 1, science can be taught in too theoretical a manner (Charlesworth 2008). Yet in the Ofsted Success in Science report (2008), from which this information apparently derived, the use of an IWB is described as an effective component in a science lesson demonstrating how light works. The teaching strategies included whole class to small group work, role plays and investigative questioning with the IWB used make notes of the students ideas and aid learning (Ofsted 2008, Sec. 18, p. 16). Although how the IWB was used to aid learning was not actually described, the hint is that it was a valued means of contributing to lesson management, flow and effectiveness.Likewise in maths, the IWB can be used to easily display mathematical representations, be they mathematical or conceptual, such as numbers or blocks on a clearly apparent scale to the whole class. IWBs provide an superior support to lesson modeling. This issue of visibility is clearly important and to be able to demonstrate things such as small blocks or coins to a whole class so all can see has been mentioned frequently, such as one of the teachers in Cogills research into IWB use in primary schools (2002, p. 25). The DfES has produced and continues to do so Interactive belief Programs (ITPs) within the Primary National Strategy. For numeracy, these provide curriculum linked interactive programs designed to cont ribute, not take over, the lesson. Other methods include those demonstrated by Cooper et al.(2006) who show simple ways to add to the dynamics of the lesson, for example using games with clipart to play number line football on the IWB and so on. The important point is that the IWB works in combination with other teaching strategies, not at the expense of, or to the exclusion of, a balanced swell up-rounded teaching approach.Equally, the IWB is available to literacy and has an increasing array of supporting software (e.g. DfES ITPs). Cooper et al. (2006) exemplify the IWBs ability to provide students with focus through managing the amount of text visible and the method of presentation font size and type, highlighted, shaded, hidden, revealed, coloured etc. This adds a dimension to focusing on text formats, from punctuation to spelling and can be very recyclable in identifying difference for students and helping the retention of information. At the same time, the IWB allows for con nection to external media, for PowerPoints, video and audio clips, all of which add a dimension to the mean learning if used carefully.IWBs can also be used to create an inclusive environment for students with special needs. As with the font, size and colour changes mentioned above, for students who may have issues with eyesight or problems interpreting words, IWBs can be used to add a dimension of size and impact. For students who find it hard to concentrate, the use of interactive, highly visible materials within their range of interest can easily be projected through IWBs, for example using cars as counters or horses as cursors. The ability to use the IWB to gather notes may also enhance discernment opportunities for the teacher and the savable nature of IWB notes means these are accessible when required in an easily usable format. each these elements not only add to the pace of the lesson and appear to add to the pace of the learning, they also add to the teachers resource ba nk both for teaching and evaluating progress.In essence, it is perhaps in the area of ongoing professional development that the creative use of new technologies, such as IWBs, needs to focus. When the teacher is motivated and confident, then that comes through in the teaching tools. Indeed the research looked at for this essay has generally agreed with Wood and Ashfield (2008) that new technologies such as IWBs can provide excellent formats for creating and inspiring creative teaching and learning, yet these depend on the teachers knowledge and ability to use the technology to achieve this. Becta supports this in its assessment of research and comes to the conclusion thatIn some subjects, the more experience the teacher has of using the interactive whiteboard the greater the likelihood of positive attainment gains for pupilsBecta 2007, onlineCropley (2001) argued that creativity is myrmecophilous on a wide range of factors, from cognition to personality, and this has to be conside red within the context of the whole classroom environment. IWBs provide teachers with another means of teaching creatively through presentation in altered formats, especially when it comes to communicating with the class as a whole. However it is not alone in encouraging the creative skills of divergent (broad concept connections) and convergent thinking (focused concept connections) or in developing meta-cognitive thinking and accommodation, rather than assimilation, of information.In conclusion, IWBs have the potential to be used extremely creatively for both teachers and students. However, as with many new technologies, their use needs to be supported both by school policy and professional development. As it is likely that these technologies will continue to develop considerably during the near future, it is not enough to teach the usage of specific technologies and think that is where it ends. Perhaps an ongoing mentoring program or collaborative approach to planning with a high IT content may help compliment continued professional development. The same criteria apply to pre-service teacher training whereby familiarity with current IT needs to be support by an ongoing ability to develop IT capacity. From the students perspective, well planned and imaginatively used IWBs provide a stimulating, engaging and motivating means of learning. It is clearly just as important to use this interface as a part of a holistic, well rounded curriculum as well as an area in itself and not enough to assume familiarity with contemporary technology without teaching it.ReferencesAudain, J., David, A., Flute, M., Fielder, S. Cogill, J (2006) You can use an interactive whiteboard for ages 7-11, ScholasticBarber, D., Cooper, L. Meeson, G (2007) Learning and Teaching with Interactive Whiteboards Primary and Early Years, Learning MattersBecta (2007) Becta response to the evaluation of the Primary Schools Whiteboard Expansion project, accessed eleventh January 2009, http//www.bec ta.org.ukBecta (2004) Getting the most from your Interactive Whiteboard A guide for Primary Schools, accessed 10th January 2009, http//publications.teachernet.gov.uk/eOrderingDownload/15090.pdfCharlseworth, (2008) Science teaching too theoretical, online article accessed 12th January 2009, http//www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2219313/science-teaching-theoretical-ofstedCogill, J (2003) The use of interactive whiteboards in the primary school effects on pedagogy, in ICT inquiry Bursaries A Compendium of Research Reports, ICT in Schools Research and Evaluation Series No, 16, Norwich HMSO, available online at http//publications.teachernet.gov.uk/eOrderingDownload/DfES-0791-2003.pdfpage=54Cooper, A., J., Botham, K. Cromie, H (2006) You can use an interactive whiteboard for ages 4-7, ScholasticCraft, A (2000) Creativity across the primary curriculum framing and developing practice, London RoutledgeCropley, A. J. (2001) Creativity in education learning a guide for teachers and educators, K ogan PageDfES (no date) Interactive Teaching Programs (ITPs), accessed 12th January 2009, http//www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/primary/frameworks/library/Mathematics.ICTResources/itps/DfES (2003) Fulfilling the Potential Transforming Teaching and Learning through ICT in Schools, Norwich HMSODfES (2001) Survey of ICT in Schools 2001, Norwich HMSOGardner, H (1983) Frames of Mind The theory of multiple intelligences, Basic Books New YorkJones, A. Vincent, J (2006) Introducing interactive whiteboards into school practice one schools model of teachers mentoring colleagues online article accessed 12th January 2009, http//www.aare.edu.au/06pap/jon06333.pdfLoveless, A (2002) Literature Review in Creativity, New Technologies and Learning Report 4, Futurelab Series, Bristol Futurelab, available online at http//www.futurelab.org.uk/resources/documents/lit_reviews/Creativity_Reveiw.pdfMachin, S., McNally, S. Silva, O (2006) Summary of articles New technology in schools is there a payoff? Discussio n Paper No 55, Centre for the Economics of Education at CEP, accessed 12th January 2009, http//cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs.download.CP199.pdfOfsted (2008) Success in Science, Ref. No.070195, accessed 12th January 2009, www.ofsted.gov.ukSmith, H J., Higgins, S., Wall, K. Miller, J (2005) Interactive whiteboards boon or bandwagon? A overcritical review of the literature in Journal of Computer help Learning, Vol. 21, pp. 21-101Sutherland, R., Armstrong, V., Varnes, S., Brawn, R., Breeze, N., Gall, M., Matthewman, S., Olivero, F., Taylor, A., Triggs, P., Wishart, J. John, P (2004) Transforming teaching and learning embedding ICT into everyday classroom practices in Journal of computer Assisted Learning, Vol. 20 (6), pp. 413-425Teachernet (online) Interactive Whiteboards, accessed 10th January 2009, http//www.teachernet.gov.uk/wholeschool/ictis/infrastructure/iwbWood, R. Ashfield, J (2008) The use of the interactive whiteboard for creative teaching and learning in literacy and mathematics a case sight in British Journal of Educational Technology, Vol. 39 (1), Jan, pp. 84-96Yelland, N (2007) Shift to the Future, Abingdon Routledge

college essay type b :: essays research papers

Throughout the many ages that the world has partaken, several cultures have been contrived among the almost seemingly abundant human race. imputable to this extravagant collage amongst the world as a whole, many different views of the world have been created. Things such as race, religion, ethnicity, language, and personality as well argon all things that contribute to the division of individual philosophy and belief.If there is a place here on earth that signifies, or emphasizes, the collage of culture, then a college would have to be it. People of several various dissimilarities will eventually have to communicate with one or another on a twenty-four hours to day basis for educational matters. These students have lived completely different cultural, economic, and academic lives as well as having physical dissimilarities. Though growth of the state of headland may be a result of time spent in college amongst the culture of the world, the way a person has lived their life may also be a contributing factor in individual philosophy as well. There are many people in todays ball club that have significant setbacks amongst their lives that cause them to stop and think about what life is really about.A potential classmate that I believe I could follow a significant amount from either within or outside a formal classroom would definitely have to be someone of incorrupt Islamic background. I believe that it would be an exquisite adventure to extend my philosophy with that of an Islam. As you can see, Im not too unhappy about the problems associated with terrorism or Al-Qaeda, so therefore I can easily blend with someone of that nature.President George Bush made a stopping point to imbuke war on Iraq with only the best intentions of ending terrorism among the United States of America, not with the anger and lust for revenge that the majority of Americans seemed to react with.Back on subject, both Baptist and Islam have their similarities as well as their differe nces. I would mostly like to learn about what an Iraqi ethnicity must venture through in their life rather than their extravagant religion.

Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay -- A Dolls House Essays

A Dolls HouseIn past history, society has been both very prejudiced and customal with its view of sexuality roles. Often times a woman would not have had the same right to something as a man did. Many women however went against the law and tradition to do what they thought was right. In Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House, Nora does something that is unimaginable during the time finish. Noras husband Torvald believes he is the man of the house and that his married woman should be grateful and entertaining for him. Nora however signs her fathers name to a document in an attempt to do something she feels is right. What she doesnt realize though is that by doing so she has committed forgery. Noras act of forgery was inspired by legion(predicate) reasons, and resulted in both expected and unexpected placecomes.Nora was inclined for many reasons to commit the forgery. At the time Torvald was on the verge of dying and Nora desperately wanted to save him. Doctors warned Nora that her hus bands life was in danger and the only if thing that would save him was a stay in the south (Ibsen 976). Nora couldnt afford to travel though and was forced to somehow find the money. During this time period however a wife couldnt borrow without her husbands consent, so Nora had to get a mans signature to take out a loan (976). Nora knew Torvald would not take out a loan because it would hurt his reputation as a banker, so she forged her father...

Dream Interpretation Essays -- essays research papers fc

It Was Only a DreamShe awakens in the night, the visions from her mind still vivid. The dream was amazingly realistic. A long hallway stretched before her. several(prenominal) doors lined the hallway, each with a padlock. A ring full of keys weighed heavily in her hand. What did it all mean? Did this hallway symbolize her life? The doors could have meant many another(prenominal) things, possibly the choices she faces daily. As she drifts back to sleep, thoughts of the dream cloud her mind. She hopes to remember it in the morning and search for answers. The description of this woman could match any number of people. long time of research have produced findings that everyone dreams. While not everyone may remember his or her dreams, sleep studies have shown that each person does dream as he or she progresses through the stages of sleep. Whether or not these dreams contain any significant meaning for the dreamer is a source of argu workforcets today, as well as in days past. An in dep th study of dream interpretation will reveal the benefits of exploring the meanings behind dreams.To begin this study, it is helpful to first understand the different aspects of sleep. In Atkinsons Introduction to Psychology allow, she states that sleep contains five stages, including four depths of sleep and a fifth stage, known as rapid eye movement ( paradoxical sleep) (193). In mingled sleep studies, most adults go through all stages during their normal sleeping hours. While they drift from one stage of sleep to another, activity in the adept increases and decreases. However, this study is interested mostly in the fifth stage, rapid eye movement sleep. Individuals incur a great amount of details during the course of any given day, including dates, places, clock and people. During REM sleep, the brain creates a story line that allows this large volume of events to be stored and remembered in a coherent form, albeit at an unconscious level (Chopra 107). REM occurs at different times throughout an individuals time asleep, and consumes from thirty minutes up to two hours of an individuals non-waking moments. Every individual is subject to REM sleep, and some suffer from REM Sleep Disorder. The disorder involves a severe attachment to a persons dreams. Dotto reports that while sufferers consist mostly of men over fifty years of age, it can affect anyone. She also states that res... ... Trish and Rob MacGregor present a comprehensive guide on how to incubate, recall and interpret dreams. Additionally, this book provides a glossary of symbols and common dream topics and themes.Maguire, Jack. Night and Day. New York Roundtable Press, 1989. Author Jack MaguirePresents a complete program concerning how to put on dreams to reach designated goalsand results.Moss, Robert. conscious(p) Dreaming. New York Crown Trade Paperbacks, 1996. The author reveals a nine-step plan to understanding dreams, including ways to shape the dreamers future. He also details the use o f a dream journal to tap into unknown resources.Parker, Julia. Derek. Complete Book of Dreams. New York Dorling Kindersly Publishing, 1995.As the title describes, this book covers a broad spectrum of dream themes, including archetype dreams. It also contains a dictionary of common dream symbols and their meanings.Your Life. Are Dreams Trying To Tell Us Something? USA Today Magazine. 18 Oct 1999. http//search.inspire-indiana.net8008/WebZ/Fetch This magazine oblige gives a quick, surface-level guide to dream interpretation.

Rhetorical Analysis of a The New York Times Article Essay example -- A

The article titled The man with the snow job appears in the whimsey Pages, The New York Times. Author, Gail collins, opens her article with the question Who is to blame for this weather? which hooks readers attention and makes them curious nigh what they are going to read. In her writing, Collins talks about the current snowstorm in the United States and how it is used for everyones advantage. She also points out how government officials such as Arnold Schwarzenegger, Al Gore, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama use the occasion of snow for their own purposes. The author borrows images of global warming effects to discuss some controversial problems in the society these days. She applies the following elements to establish the sarcastic tone throughout her article hyperbole, metaphor, and simile.First, Collins uses hyperbole by repeating the word snow five times in one sentence Chicagos nose candy was so huge that the news media ran out of things to attach to snow - thundersnow snow pocalypse snowmageddon (Collins). She consecutively uses three portmanteaus of the word snow with increasing stress level to create affectionate feelings. She wants to emphasize that Chicago is experiencing the most massive snowstorm in the United States, one of the consequences of global warming. This is a circumstance that causes people panic. She then reminds the readers about the roseola of 1979 which made Mayor Michael Bilandic get kicked out of office six weeks later in the Democratic primary. It seems that she wants to make a connection between the congressman and a snow job.Besides hyperbole, Collins does an excellent job of using metaphors. She uses metaphor from very beginning. The phrase snow job in the title is a coll... ...d we bedevil been suffering for what we have done. Human beings have to be responsible for that. Collins successfully uses the method of satire throughout her article. According to Oxford Dictionary, satire is defined as the use of humor, irony, e xaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize peoples stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues. witticism does play a big role in this article. Government officials take the occasion of snowstorms to build their image in public, attack their opponents. And even author Collins she uses snow to make her article interesting and attractive.Works CitedCollins, Gail. http//www.nytimes.com/pages/opinion/index.html. 2 February 2011. 8 February 2011 .

Movie Response: Boys Don’t Cry Essay example -- Film Movie Boys Dont

Movie Response Boys Dont CryFirst I beneficial want to say that if I didnt have to watch this film for class, then it wouldnt normally appeal for me to watch it. I didnt have anything against this impression I just personally do not care watching movies that have a negative vibe like it did at the end of this movie. I know that this movie was supposed to be based on the true story of Teena Brandon, however, after watching this movie, I looked up the true story and it turned out that the movie was really faithful to the actual real life events that occurred.At first, as I was watching the movie, I was confused as to why Teena wanted to place up at as a man and be called Brandon. I thought that maybe she was just lesbian that didnt like dressing like a girl and wanted more of the masculine look. But then I found out that she was just having issues with not feeling right creation a woman. She felt that she was stuck inside the wrong body. Thats why she wanted to dress up as a man, and later on actually be able to get the operation that would make her a man physically. Throughout the movie, I really wanted her to go back home and leave those tidy sum she met at the bar. Personally, I could tell that those people were not, good people. They seemed like they didnt have their life straight. It seemed like Teena/Brandon wanted to leave, but for some reason, she decided to stay. I think it was mainly because she felt that she was accepted by them, mainly becau...